{"id":29205,"date":"2021-12-03T16:02:48","date_gmt":"2021-12-03T13:02:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.difference.news\/edu\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1\/"},"modified":"2021-12-03T16:02:48","modified_gmt":"2021-12-03T13:02:48","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.difference.news\/edu\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a3%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <div class=\"e3lan e3lan-in-post1\"><center><br>\r\n<!-- f.336.280 -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n    style=\"display:inline-block;width:336px;height:280px\"\r\n    data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0007602327247913\"\r\n    data-ad-slot=\"8804957031\"\r\n    data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br>\r\n<\/center><\/div>\n<br \/>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u00a0<br \/>\n<br \/>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 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#\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<br \/>\n<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"618\" height=\"309\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.difference.news\/edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a-\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.jpg?resize=618%2C309&#038;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-slider size-slider wp-post-image\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_57_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter-rtl ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-69eab93b80844\" ><span class=\"\"><span style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 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class=\"entry\">\n<p class=\"warning\" style=\"background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) url('https:\/\/www.new-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/backgound-blue1-5.jpg') no-repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 2px solid #0b3b39; padding: 7px; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u00a0 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u2013 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\">\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f. \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u2013 \u062c\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0627\u00a0 (Shahen, 2012) \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a(2008\u060cFarrell).<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block code-block-5\" style=\"margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear: both;\">\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #333399;\">1- \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1987 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.difference.news\/edu\/goto\/https:\/\/www.3lom4all.com\/vb\/re-3lom4all.php?link=https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 (Farraro 2000)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>2- \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 (2016) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 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\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (Wenzraf1994)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u00a0 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 etal 2007)\u00a0 Huang)<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block code-block-1\" style=\"margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear: both;\">\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00a0\u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a 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(2017). \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0628\u062f. \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 31\u0639 (12) .<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a. (2020). \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a . \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 :\u063975\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0629. (2020). \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0645. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f(4) \u0639 (24) \u0635 96\u0640\u0640\u0640 113\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2013 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628. (2018). \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 .\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644 (38)\u060c 284\u0640\u0640\u00a0250\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. (2018).\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 . \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 . \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c 32 (128)\u060c 135\u0640\u0640 180\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 . (2020) . \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646.\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c\u0639(27)<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. (2020).\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u00a0\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c 7 \u060c \u0639 (37)<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0646. (2001) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a .\u06371. (\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 ) \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a .<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629. (2016) \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u00a0 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0640 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c (77) 227 \u00a0\u0640\u0640\u00a0 248<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u2013 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c ( 2021\u060c 8\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631) \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u060c https:\/\/nbbee.blogspot.com<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block code-block-6\" style=\"margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear: both;\">\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Farrel \u060c T . S .\u00a0 (2008 ( Reflectve practice in the porofessitonal Development of Teachers of\u00a0\u00a0 Adult English Language Learners . Washington . CAEUA Netwrk Brief .<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Shahen \u060c M . A (2012 ( .The relity of thefautley members at the Qpen University of Jerasaleem and ies relation ship to their attitudes to wards the professional .development of self contemplative practices in light of some variables\u00a0 Al Azhar University in Gaza Mgazine ) 14( \u060c (2) 183 \u0640\u0640 208<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Qsterman \u060c K. 2002 (Comemplative practices for education. The problem of inmporovina eduction and the need to solve them ) Translation of Munir Hourani) Al\u00a0 Ani UAE\u00a0 University Book<\/span>)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 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